Triple X Syndrome

Tracie Emmerich Professor Debbie Seale biological science 101 TR, 830-1130 am 3/6/2012 trine X Syndrome triple X Syndrome is a elicit chromosome ab blueprintity in which there argon three X chromosomes instead of the everyday two found in nearly feminines. triplex X Syndrome is also known as Trisomy X, Triplo X Syndrome, and XXX Syndrome. The starting line published report of a woman with a karyotype with a 47, XXX was by Patricia A. Jacobs in 1959 at a hospital in Scotland. Most people realize 46 chromosomes, occurring in 23 opposes. These chromosomes contain genes, which carry instructions that determine everything from your height to your snapper color.One of these chromosome pairs determines your sex. You receive one sex chromosome from your mother and another from your father. Your mother dejection give you only an X chromosome, but your father can pass on an X or a Y chromosome. If you receive an X chromosome from your father, the XX pair makes you genetic bothy a female. Females with Triple X syndrome have a third X chromosome. Triple X syndrome usually results from an error in the formation of a mothers egg prison cell or a fathers spermatozoon cell. neartimes, three-bagger X syndrome occurs as a result of an error early in the embryos offendment.Although this coach is genetic, its typically not inherited. Instead, what usually happens is that either the mothers egg cell or the fathers sperm cell has not make correctly, resulting in an extra X chromosome. This random error in egg or sperm cell division is called nondisjunction. Nondisjunction is a random event and is not fontd by eachthing either of the babys parents did or by any medications they whitethorn have taken. When the cause is a malformed egg cell or sperm cell, as is usually the case, all the bodys cells have the extra chromosome.In the mosaic form, only some of the bodys cells have the third X chromosome. Because only some cells contain the extra X chromosome, females with the mosaic form of triple X syndrome may have less severe symptoms. Triple X Syndrome occurs in about 1 out of every 1,000 girls natural in the United States. It is estimated that between five and ten girls are born with the condition each day. As far as it is known, the syndrome is equally common in all racial and ethnic groups. The only known risk factor is the mothers age.Women who are 35 farsighted time old or older when they become pregnant are at an increased risk of having a daughter with Triple X Syndrome. Because of the lyonization, (the process by which or the condition in which all X chromosomes of the cells in excess of one are inactivated on a random basis )inactivation and formation of a Barr body, in all female cells, only one X chromosome is active at any time. Thus, Triple X syndrome most often causes no unusual physical features or medical problems. If symptoms do appear, they may include 1. Tall stature Taller than other girls and women in the family 2.Smal l head (microcephaly) Microcephaly is a medical condition in which the circumference of the head is smaller than normal because the brain has not developed properly or has stopped growing. Microcephaly can be present at birth or it may develop in the first few years of life. 3. Slightly lower weight at birth 4. Epicanthal excavates An epicanthal fold is skin of the upper eyelid from the nose to the inner side of the eyebrow that covers the inner corner (canthus) of the eye 5. Delayed development of certain motor skills, speech and delivery 6.Although rarely exhibiting severe intellectual impairments, Triple X Syndrome females have an increased risk of learning disabilities such as dyslexia, delayed speech, deficient language skills and delayed development of motor skills. It is possible that learning disabilities and/or delayed development could eventually poke out to a variety of other issues, including academic problems, stress, and poor socialization skills that cause socia l isolation. 7. Weak pass tone and delayed motor skills poor coordination, awkwardness 8. Menstrual irregularities 9. Increased rick of depression 10. slight assertive and quieter than most girls 1. Intelligence (IQ) may be slightly lower than that of other girls and women in the family although mental retardation is unusual. 10-15 points below siblings. Other possible, though much rarer, complications that may occur include 1. Premature ovarian failure or ovary abnormalities. When the ovaries stop take shapeing before the expected age of menopause, theres a decline in the production of certain hormones and eggs are no longer released by the ovaries each month. This can cause infertility. Additionally, girls and women with triple X syndrome may have malformed ovaries. 2. Seizures.Girls and women with triple X syndrome may develop a seizure disorder. 3. Kidney abnormalities. Females born with triple X syndrome may also have abnormally developed kidneys or may have only one kidney. There are even rare cases when a female with Triple X syndrome is affected by changes such as behavioral problems, midfacial hypoplasia, wide-set eyes, amenorrhea, posteriorly rotated ears, small head, long head, small lower jaw, expressionless face, prominent forehead, enamel hypoplasia, widely spaced nipples, small hands, small feet, kyphosis, lordosis, cut muscle tone, and mental retardation. There are seldom any observable physical anomalies in Triple X females, other than being taller than average. Most women with Triple X have normal sexual development. Some experience an early onset of menstruation. Triple X women are rarely diagnosed, apart from pre-natal testing methods, unless they afford amniocentesis and blood tests for medical reasons later in life. Most medical professionals do not imagine the condition as a disability.However, if mild delays are present, such status can be want by parents for early intervention treatment The chromosome change that causes triple X syndrome cannot be repaired, so the syndrome itself has no cure. Also because it is thought to be caused by a by a spontaneous genetic transformation rather than an inherited genetic defect, there is no way to prevent it. However, given the treatable nature of most symptoms and how frequently no symptoms appear at all, its quite possible to lead a full and normal life despite having this syndrome.Because people with triple X syndrome may be more susceptible to stress, its all-important(a) to make sure a female with Triple X Syndrome has a supportive environment as well. Psychological counseling may help, both by teaching their families useful methods of demonstrating love and encouragement, and by reject behaviors that they might not realize are negative. According to a Danish researcher who started one of the first Triple X Syndrome support groups in the world, If the conditions are good, stable, and stimulating. learning problems rarely have any serious consequences.However, m ost Triple X girls need remedial teaching at school at one time or another, and it is important they get this help if and when they need it. The prognosis for girls with this syndrome is generally good. They are not at increased risks of other diseases as far as it is known and have a normal life expectancy. They are less likely to complete college than other girls, but almost all can finish high school with speech therapy or other additional help. While a few may have some social difficulties,. most are able to join the work force, marry, and start families in adult life.